The Conchologist’s First Book — Edgar A. Poe, 1839 — reading text

gigas. T. scalaris. T. psamotella. T. scobinata. T. brasiliana. T. umbonella. T. deltoidalis. T. multangula. 48 CONCHOLOGY. T. solidula. T. capsoides. T. polygona. ‘T. serradiata. T, ostracea. T. vimaculata. 5. Genus Tellinides. Animal. As above. Shell. Equilateral, transverse, somewhat elongated, nearly without the flexuous plait; two divergent cardinal teeth of which the anterior is but little distant from the summit. Inhabits the Bay of Naples. One species. Tellinides Timorensis. 6. Genus Cordis. Animal. Differing slightly from the Lucina. Shell. Equivalve, transverse, without any irregular fold on the anterior margin, having the beaks flexed inward and opposite ; two cardinal teeth; two lateral, the posterior of which is nearest the hinge; muscular impressions simple, ligament external. In- habits the Indian Ocean. Two species. “% Corbis fimbriata. Corbis maculata. 7. Genus Lucina. Animal. Very imperfectly known. Shell. Inequilateral, suborbicular, beaks small, pointed, and oblique; two divergent cardinal teeth, one of which is bifid, and which vary or disappear with age; two lateral teeth sometimes obsolete, the posterior approaches nearest to the cardinal teeth ; two muscular impressions far apart, the posterior in shape of a band, sometimes very long; ligament external. Inhabits the British seas. ‘Twenty-two species. Lucina jamaicensis. Lucina divaricata. L. edentula. L. scabra. L. radula. L. sinuata. L. lactea. . L. lutea. L. undata. L. globularis. L. circinaria. L. digitalis. L. columbella. L. Pecten. CONCHOLOGY. 49 L. reticulata. L. carnaria. . L. concentrica. L. fimbriata. L. Pennsylvanica. L. mutabilis. | LL. squamosa. L. Peruviana. 8. Genus Donazx. Animal. As in Tellina. Shell. Transverse, inequilateral, equivalve; anterior side short and obtuse; two primary teeth in one or both valves; one or two lateral teeth varying in distance ; two round muscular impressions ; ligament, external, short, and inserted at the posterior impression. Inhabits the seas of Europe. Twenty-eight species. Donax pubescens. Donax columbella. D. cuneata. D. australis. D. radians. D. bicolar. D. abbreviata. D. merois. - D. ringens. D. scripta. D. Cayennensis. D. trunculata. D. denticulata. D. flabagella. D. cinatina. D. Martiniensis. D. cardioides. D. triquetra. D. scorta. D. rugosa. D. compressa. D. elongata. D. deltoides. D. granosa. D. veneriformis. D. epidermia. D. vittata. D. minima. 9. Genus Capsa. Animal. As above. Shell. Transverse, equivalve, valves approximate and close : three primary teeth in the right valve, and a single bifid tooth in the left, inserted into a cavity in the opposite one; no lateral teeth; ligament external and on the short side, as in Donax. Inhabits the Indian Ocean. Three species. " Capsa levigata, Capsa Braziliensis. C. Donaoides. 6 50 CONCHOLOGY. 10. Genus Crassina. Animal. As above. Shell. Distinguished from the Venus by having only two teeth on each valve, and from the crasatella by the position of the ligament ; solid, sub-orbicular, thick, hinge with two strong diverging pri- mary teeth in the right valve, and two unequal ones on the other ; ligament external. Inhabits the Scottish and Devonshire coasts. One species. Crassina Danmoniensis. FAMILY 1X. Concaacea. Seven Genera. This family is divided into Conche marine, and Conche fJuviatiles. Concuz® Marina. Four Genera. 1. Cyprina. Animal. Thick, oval, foot compressed, falciform, geniculated ; mantle closed behind, and pierced by two oval apertures with cirrous edges ; no veritable tubes. Shell. With epidermis; thick, regular, substriated longitudi- nally, subcordiform,’ equivalved, inequilateral ; summits strongly flexed to the front and often contiguous; hinge thick, subsimilar, formed by three slightly converging cardinal teeth, and by a pos- terior lateral tooth, sometimes obsolete ; ligament very thick ; mus- cular impressions distant, subcircular, and united by a narrow mar- ginal band. Inhabits the Atlantic ocean and British seas. Two living species. Seven fossil. Cyprina tennistria. Cyprina Icelandica. 2. Genus Cytherea. Animal. Oval or round, generally but little compressed ; edges of the mantle undulous, and garnished with tentacular eirrhi in one row; foot considerable, compressed, trenchant, in other respects diversiform ; tubes tolerably elongated, and most usually CONCHOLOGY. 51 united; mouth smali; labial appendages quite small; branchie wide, short, free, or not united either with one another, or with those of the opposite side. Shell. Solid, equivalve, regular, inequilateral ; summits equal, reflexed, and slightly projecting ; four primary teeth on one valve, of which three are divergent, and approximating at the base, and one remote—this circumstance easily distinguishing it from the Venus. On the other valve are three primary divergent teeth with a distant cavity parallel with the edge. Inhabits the British and Mediterranean seas. Eighty living species. Nine fossil. . pectoralis. . lilacina. Cytherea petechialis. Cytherea tigrina. C. morphina. C. pulicaris. C, Castanea. C. numulina. C. casta C. abbreviata. C. lusoria. C. pectinata. C. graphica. C., flexuosa. C. impudica. C. ranella. C. purpurata. C. lunularis. C. zonaria. C. divaricata. C. corbicula. C. lunaris. C. meretrix. C. placunells. C. tripla. C. cygnus. C, erycina. C. juvenilis. C. impar. C. gigantea. C, Guiniensis. C. Venetiana. C C C C. C Cc C C C . Arabica. — rufa. . florida, . erycinella. . immaculata. . Dione. ~ . Chione. C. planatella. C. hepatica. C, trimaculata. C, citrina. C, nitidula. C. lactea. C, pellucida. C. lata. C. maculata. C. lincta. C. lucinalis: C. trigonella. C. prostrata. C. albina. C. exoleta. 52 _C. Hebrea. C. tigerina. C. ornata. C. umbonella. C. castrensis. CONCHOLOGY. C. mactroides. C. concentrica. C. sulcatina, C. interrupta. C. punctata. C. picta. C. undatina. C. scripta. C. gibbia. C. mixta. C. macrodon. C, testudinalis. C. rugifera. C. aspergata. _ C. squamosa. C. cardilla. C muscaria. C. plicatina. C. dentaria. C. nodulosa. C. cuneata. 3. Genus Venus. Animal. As above. Shell. Solid, thick, regular, perfectly equivalved and close, more or less inequilateral; summits well marked and inclined to the front; hinge subsimilar; the middle cardinal tooth forked, or three cardinal teeth more or less contiguous and convergent towards the summits; ligament thick, often arcuated, convex, exterior ; two distant muscular impressions ; cordiform depressions beneath the beaks. Inhabits the British seas. Ninety living species. Nine fossil. Venus reticulata. Venus floridella. V. rugosa. V. aphrodina. V. corbis. V. pulchella. V. crebiscula. V. aphrodinoides. V. discina. V. tristis. V. cancellata. V. flammea. V. marica. V. puerpera. V. sulcaria. V. verrucosa. V. cardivides. V. pygmea. V. texturata. V. casina. V. elliptica. V. crenulata. V. rariflamma. © V. plicata. V. mercenaria. V. granulata. CONCHOLOGY. 53 . pullastra. gallina. truncata. pectinula. anomala. lamellata. exilis. rufa. Scotica. . hiantina. virginea. corugata. ovulea. 4a4e54545 papilionacea. callipyga. punctifera. nebulosa. literata. carneola. petalina. . cornularis. adspersa. opima. turgida. flammiculata. strigosa. Perronii. elegantina. undulosa. vermiculosa. . Vulvina. Ceo SAAS See Sa SS SS 44444 4e444444444<6 V. pectorina. V. cingulata. Y. textilis. V. grisea. V. geographica. V. Dombeii. V. decussata. V. lagopus. glandina. gallinula. retifera. sulcata. galactites exalbida. scalarina. dorsata. aurea. crassisulca marmorata Malabarica. laterisulca. subrostrata. phaseolina. florida. bicolor. catenifera. . sinuosa. . rimularis. <qA< » ovata. V. pumila. V. inquinata. 4. Genus Venericardia. Animal. Nearly as above. Shell. Suborbicular, inequilateral, equivalve, sides having usually longitudinally rayed ribs ; hinge with two oblique cardina! We * * * $ 4. 54 CONCHOLOGY. " teeth in each valve, turned in the same dizoRtlen Five living species. Ten fossil species. Venericardia Australis. Venericardia flammea. V. imbricata. V. Tankervillii. * V. crassicosta. Concum Fruviatites. Three Genera. : 5. Genus Cyclas. Animal. Body oval, thick ; edges’ of the mantle simple ; tubes short and united; foot wide, compressed at base, and terminated by a sort of leg or appendage. Shell. With an epidermis, oval, or sub-orbicular, regular, equi- valved, inequilateral; summits obtuse, contiguous or tured anteriorly ; hinge similar, complex, formed by a slightly variable number of cardinal teeth, and by two separated lateral teeth with a pit at the base; ligament exterior, posterior, and inflated; two distant muscular impressions, united by a faintly marked abdomi- nal band, and without posterior excavation. Eleven species. Cyclas cornea. Cyclas rivicola. C. obliqua. C. lacustris. C. obtusalis. C. calyculata. C. Australis. C. fontinalis. C. striatina. C. suleata *C. Sarratogea. 6. Genus Cyrena. Animal. As above. Shell. Rounded and trigonal, ventricose, inequilateral; hinge with three teeth on each valve ; two lateral teeth, one of which is near the primary ones ; ligament exterior, situated on the largest side. The apices are always eroded or carious in shells of this genus. Inhabits the rivers of China. Ten living species. One fossil. Cyrena orientalis. Cyrena trigonella. _ C. depressa, C. cor. # ‘CONCHOLOGY. 53 C. fuscata, C. Caroliniensis. C. violacea. C. fluminea. — C. Ceylonica. C. Bengalensis. 7. Genus Galathea. Animal. As above. Pe Shell. Equivalve, subtrigonal, covered with a greenish epi- dermis; the surface beneath is white, with several violet streaks radiating from the summit to the margin ; two furrowed cardinal teeth upon one valve, three upon the other, the middle one being largest and callous * muscular impressions double and lateral, Inhabits the rivers of Ceylon. One species. ‘ Galathea radiata. FAMILY X. Canrpitacea. Five Genera. 1. Genus Cardium. /inimal. Body somewhat inflated; mantle edged with tenta- cular cirrhi in all its inferior part; tubes united, of moderate size, and provided with cirrhi at the extremity ; mouth transverse, very wide, with moderate labial appendages ; foot very large, cylindri- cal, somewhat inclined anteriorly ; branchie thick, rather small, especially the external lamine: the internal united in all their extent. Shell. Inflated, equivalve, sub-cordiform (when viewed ante- riorly, usually costated from the apex to the circumference) ; summits very evident, but slightly flexed to the front ; hinge com- plex, similar, formed of two oblique, conical cardinal teeth, and of two distant lateral teeth, upon each valve; ligament dorsal, posterior and very short. Inhabits the European seas. Fifty living species. Fourteen fossil. Cardium indicum. Cardium costatum. C. asiaticum. C. ringens. C. fimbriatum. C. tennicostatum. C. aculeatum. C, pseudolima. ‘ar 56 CONCHOLOGY. C. tuberculatum. C. apertum. + C. bullatum. or C. echinatum. C. biradiatum. C. pectinatum. C. isocardium. C. angulatum. C. serratum. C. medinum. C. tumotiferum. _C. retusum. C. rusticum. C. Greendlandicum. C. crenulatum. C. minotum. C. scobinatum. C. cardissum. C. inversum. C. ventricosum. C. obtusum. C. erinaceum. C. basilianum. C. papyraceum. C. ciliare. C. levigatum. C. eolicum. C. elongatum. C. rugosum. ~C. unedo. C. fragum. . lineatum. C, edule. C. latum. C, exigunum. C. rosenum. C. hemicardium. C, junonie. C. muricatum. C. marmoreum. C.