The Conchologist’s First Book — Edgar A. Poe, 1839 — reading text

. imperator. . zodiaca. . concisa. . pellicuta. . strobilus. . alanda. carina. Bulverii. . pileolus. . vipartita. . sinistrorsa. fibula. . supplicata. . Porto-santara. . punctulata. . exalbida. Caroliniensis.* . Nuttaliana.* Columbiana.* - . Californensis.* . Townsendiana.* . Nichliniana.* Oregonensis.* . magnifica.* Ply XS. The Animal of this and the following genera of this family are precisely the same as in Helix. 2. Genus Carocolla. “96 CONCHOLOGY. Shell. Orbicular, more or less convex or connoidal above ; the circumference or periphery angulated or keeled; aperture trans- verse, contiguous to the axis of the shell; the right margin or lip subangular, often toothed or plaited beneath. Inhabits dry situa- tions in Europe and America. ‘Twenty-two species. Carocolla acutistima. Carocolla bicolor. . C. albilabris. C. mauritiana. C. angistoma. C. Madagascarensis. C. labyrinthus. UC. marginata. C. lucerna. C. lychnuchus. C, inflata. C, planata. C. hispidula. C. planaria. ©. Gaulteriana. C. lapicida. C. albella. C. elegans. *C. Hydiana. *C. grata. *C, helicoides (new species) *C.Spinosa (new species) Lett. Lea. 3. Genus Achatina. Pl. X. Animal. See Helix. ‘Shell. Variable in form, but generally subturriculated, oval or oblong, aperture entire, the right lip sharp, never reflected, colu- mella smooth, of which the anterior extremity is always open and truncated. Inhabits South America. Twenty-two species. Achatina perdix. Achatina zebra. A. immaculata. A. purpurea. A. acuta. A. bicarinata, A. Mauritania. A. castanea. A. ustulata. A. vexillum. A. virginea. A. Priamus. A. glans. A. Peruviana. A. Marminii. A. albo-lineata. A. fusco-lineata. A. fulminea. A, columnaria. A. folliculus. A. acicula. A. oleacea. 4. Genus Anostoma. Ne Kee Animal. See Helix. + CONCHOLOGY. oe : Shell. Somewhat extraordinary in its formation, orbicular, the spire convex and obtuse, aperture round, dentated grinning, turned upwards to the side of the spire, margin of the lip reflected. Lakes in America. Three species. Anostoma dentata.* Anostoma depressa.* A. globosa.* = 5. Genus Helicina. Pl. X. Animal. See Helix. oa Shell. Terrestrial, distinguished only from the Helix by its columella being transverse callous; much depressed and dimin- ished in thickness at the lower part, subliglobular, imperforate ; aperture entire, demioval, margin acute, forming an angle at the lower base of the right lip ; operculum corneous. Inhabits groves in Europe. Nineteen species. Helicina neritella. Helicina rhedostoma. H. striata. H. major. H. fasciata. H. minima. H. virida. H. submarginata. - H. pulchella. H. unifasciata. H. substriata. H. Brownii. H. Braziliensis. H. depressa. H. costata. H. aureola. H. aurantia. H. orbiculata. H. Tankervillii. 6. Genus Pupa. Pl. X. Animal. See Helix. Shell. Cylindrical, generally thick ; aperture irregular, semi- ovate, rounded, and subangulated beneath ; margins of outer lip nearly equal and reflected outwardly, unconnected at their upper — parts ; the plait of the columella interposed between them. In- habits moss generally in Europe. Thirty-three species. Pupa numia. Pupa quadridens. P. uva. P. polyodon. P. sulcata. P. variabilis. P. candida. P. frumentum. 10 — laa 98 eens P. labrossa. P. secale. P. fusus. P. avena. P. tridentata. P: fasciolata. P. granum. P. fragilis. P, zebra. P. dolium. P. unicarinata. P unbilicata. P. maculosa. P. muscorum. P. clavulata. P. angilicus. P. ovularis. _P, rufescens. P. Garmanica. P. edontulus. P. cinerea, P. odontostoma. P. tridens. P, petiveriana. P. dentata. 7. Genus Clausilia. Pl. X. : Animal. See Helix. Shell. Cylindrical, generally fusiform; summit obtuse, the last whorl smaller than the preceding ; aperture irregular, rounded, oval; margin united, and externally reflected. Inhabits dry situa- tions both in Europe and America. Fifteen species. Clausilia torticollis. Clausilia denticulata, C. truncatula. ©. collaris. C. retusa. C. costulata. C. corrugata. C. inflata. C. teres.” C. papillaris. C, plicatula. C, rugosa. C. gracilis. C. chrysalis. C. Mediterranea. 8. Genus Bulimus. Pl. X. Animals of this genus, in formation are precisely as the Helix, they are, however, oviparous, producing eggs with the shell con- taining the animal perfectly matured; they are frequently as large as a pigeon’s egg. ; Shell. Oval, sometimes turriculated, oblong; the summit of the spire obtuse, and the last whorl larger than all the others together; aperture oblong, oval, edge disunited ; in adults the lip e + CONCHOLOGY. _99 cal much reflected ; columella smooth, with an infleetion in the mid- dle, the base entire, not channelled. Inhabits mountainous situa- tions in Europe; some beautiful specimens have been found in the woods of Ohio. Sixty one species. Bulimus ovatus. Bulimus multifasciatus. B. hemastomus. B. Bengalensis. B. gallina. B. Caribeorum. - B. sultana. B. octonus. B. zigzag. B. terebraster. B. undatus. B. articulatus. B. Richii. B. acutus. B. inversus. B. scobinatus. B. citrinus. B. planidens. B. sultanus. B. ventricosus. B. Pythogaster. B. montanus. B. ovoideus. 5. hordaceus, B. interruptus. B. lubricus. a B. Peruvianus. B. iostoma. B. Favannii. B. geniostoma. B. Kambeul. 5. odontostoma. B. papyraceus. B. formosus. B. calcareus. B. Listeri. B. decollatus. B. Kingii. B. Lyonetianus. B. Dufresnii. B. inflatus. B. pulcher. B. radiatus. B. maugeri. B. fragilis. & B. levis. B. Gaudalupinsis. B. auris leporis. B. Mexicanus. B. vexillum. *B. glandiformis. *B. maculatus. *B. parvus. *B. lacteus. *B. virgo. *B. Pealianus. *B. gracilis. *B. decoratus. *B. Gibbonius. *B. Columbianus. *B. corneus. + . 9. Genus Succinea. PI. X. Animal, See Helix, ? 100 CONCHOLOGY. Shell. Terrestrial, very thin, pellucid, ovate oblong, with a conical pointed spire, formed of only one or two whorls; aperture very large and oval, edges disunited; right edge always acute, the left arched, formed by a smooth attenuated columella. The shells of this genus never having their lip thickened or reflected, distinguish them from those of the genus Bulimus, to-which they bear a strong resemblance. Inhabits the sides of ditches and lakes, both in Europe and America. Seven species. Succinea cuculata. Succinea oblonga. S. amphibia. S. patula. S. rubescens. S. pellucida. *S. aperta. “hs 10. Genus Auricula. Pl. X. 9 Animal. See Helix. Shell. Solid, thick, and smooth, oval, oblong spire very obtuse, aperture entire, enlarged, ear shaped, much contracted behind; edges not united, right lip thick and generally reflected outwardly ; the left or columella with one or more teeth or callous _ plaits. This genus derives its name from its resemblance to the ears of certain animals. It is a land shell found chiefly in the East and West India Islands. Sixteen species. Auricula mide. Auricula scarabeus. A. Jude. A. bovina. A. sileni. A. caprella. A. leporis. A. myosotis. A, felis. A. minima. A. Dombeiana. A. coniformis. A. nitens. A. monill. A. angiostoma. A. labrella. 11. Genus Cyclostoma. PI. X. Animal. See Helix. Shell. ‘Terrestrial, distinguished from the preceding genera by a perfectly round aperture, reflected lip, and horny operculum, summit papillose; left edge having its origin very detached from the spire. Inhabits the East Indies. Thirty-five species. Cyclostoma planorbula. Cyclostoma rugosa. + Animal. Shell. ©. volvulus. C. carinata. C. sulcata. C. unicarinata. C. tricarinata. C. obsoleta. C. patulum. C, truncatum. C, pulchrum. C. Jamaicense. C. lineolata. C. elongatum. C. mirabile. C. orbella. C. aurantium. C. mirabile. LYMNACEA. 1. Genus Lymnea. See Helix. CONCHOLOGY. C. labeo. . Interrupta. . ambiqua. . semilabris. flavula. fasciata. mumia. - quarternata. . ferruginea. . decussata. » mammillaris. . maculatum. . ligata. . elegans. . tortum. SPOoodc'oCee eae 2 *C. maculata. *C, Popayana. FAMILY VIII. Three genera. PE 2: 101 Aquatic, oval, sometimes turrited ; spire produced, thin, smooth, edges disunited, the left with a very oblique plait rising on the columella, forming an oval aperture, destitute of an oper- Inhabits the ponds of America and Europe. Seventeen culum. species. Lymnea columnaris. L. stagnelis. L. palustris. L. auricularia. L. ovata. L. peregra. L. rubiginosus.* L. solida.* Lymnea minuta. L. luteola. L. acuminata. L. intermedia. L. leucostoma. L. Emmoniensis,* L. lessoni.* L. apacina.* L. Virginiana.* 10* 102 ; CONCHOLOGY. 2. Genus Physa. Pl. X. Animal. See Helix. : Shell. General sinistral, oval, oblong, or globular, very smooth, spire prominent, aperture oval, contracted posteriorly, right edge sharp, columella twisting obliquely, and enlarging to join itself to the anterior part of the margin, the whorls turning to the left hand gives this shell the appellation of heterostrophe. Inhabits the ditches of America and Europe. Six species. Physa fontinalis. Physa hypnorum. P. castanea.* P. subopaca. P. decisa.* P. aurea.* 3. Genus Planorbis. PI. X. Animal. See Helix. Sheil. Discoid, spire depressed, or involuted almost in the same vertical plane, causing the shell to be drepressed on each side, aperture oblong, luniform, axis remote, margin not reflected ; no operculum. Inhabits the lakes of America and Europe. Fourteen species. Planorbis cornu-arietis. Planorbis orientalis. P. corneus, P. carinatus. P. spirorbis. P. lutescens. P. hispidus. P. nitidus. P. angulatus. P. imbricatus. P. deformis. P. contortus. P. vortex. P. lens.* FAMILY IX. Metanrana. Three genera. 1. Genus Melania. Pl. X, Animal. See Helix. Shell. Turreted; aperture entire, spire slightly pointed, mar- gin of the whorls often surmounted by spires, columella smooth and arched, closed by a thin horn-like operculum, this is a flu: viatile shell, often covered by a thick epidermis. Inhabits the rivers of India. Many fine species are found in America. Twenty- nine species. CONCHOLOGY. 10: A Melania inquinata, Melania helvetica. M. asperata. M. lineata. M. spinolusa. M. Byronensis. M. gronifera. M. sulcata. M. aurita. M. levigata. M. lineolata. M. clavis. M. trunculata. M. decollata. M. carinefera. M. amarula. M. truncata. M. thiarella. M. coarctata. M. fasciolata. M. punctata. M. levissima. M. subulata. M. corrugata. *M. Troostiana. *M. plicifera. *M. Sayii. *M. tuberculata (Lea). *M. subularis (Lea). *M. elongata. mn *M. acuta. 2 *M. plicata. *M. inflata. 2. Genus Pirena. Pl. X. Animal. Much elongated, mantle prolonged into a canal at the left side, but without distinct tube; foot short, oval, with an anterior marginal furrow; head terminated by a depressed pro- boscidiform muzzle; tentacula very distant, thickly annulated, dilated in the inferior half of their length, and having the eyes at the summit of this dilation; mouth a terminal and vertical slit, without labial tooth, and with a very small tongue; a single long and narrow branchia. Shell. Distinguished from the preceding genus by having a sinus at the base, and another at the summit ; turreted ; aperture longitudinal, right lip sharp, base of the columella inclined to the right. Inhabits the rivers of India and Africa. Five species. Pirena terebralis. Pirena aurita. P. cancellata. P. spinosa. P. granulosa. 3. Genus Melanopsis. Pl. X, Animal, As preceding genus. ¥ ' i 104 CONCHOLOGY. Shell. The Melanopsis is distinguished from the Melanaia, by the columella being callous in the upper part, and the base